Linoleum

Linoleum is a floor covering made from materials such as solidified linseed oil (linoxyn), pine resin, ground cork dust, sawdust, and mineral fillers such as calcium carbonate, most commonly on a hessian or canvas backing. Pigments are often added to the materials to create the desired color finish.

Due to the pigment being mixed directly into the linoleum cement, the finished color of the tile remains visible even after years of wear.
In the past some of these pigments were iron oxide, red lead or lithopone.

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Source: Wikipedia · Image: Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0

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